Charging Architectures Integrated with Distributed Energy Resources for Sustainable Mobility

This paper introduces a study on the charging infrastructures, integrated with distributed energy sources, showing their ability to support the electric and hybrid mobility in a smart grid scenario. This analysis starts from a description of the main AC and DC architecture and then goes through the advantages derived by the integration of renewable energy sources within the existing electric power network. A section of this paper is then dedicated to the main technologies of energy storage systems, which allow and support the integration of unpredictable energy sources into the grid. Finally, the power on-board and off-board vehicle charging devices are analyzed with specific focus on PWM control schemes, for the regulation of AC/DC and DC/DC power converters, and on grid operations (V2G) related to different aggregation schemes.