Browsing by Author "Espinosa-Cristia, Juan Felipe"

An essential part of the economic and social system is the existence of sustainable companies worldwide. Despite the fact that the literature has described different kinds of innovations, organizations, and models regarding this topic, there is a need to understand the dynamics that occur within the fourth sector and how strategies and practices are working. In this study, construction companies presenting sustainable projects are identified, and the way in which they serve the community, stakeholders, and consumers is analyzed. The present article presents an epistemological search to recognize the best practices and strategies, which allows an understanding of the new circular economy strategies in the fourth sector. The authors show a conceptual approach regarding these actions and a methodology on the most notable techniques of the Circular Economic Strategy of Chile based on an investigation of documentary and comparative data. Data collection considered perceptions of construction practices regarding the circular economy and the specificity of each situation and reflected the actual production systems. We used simple random sampling to collect data in the scope of the study. The findings show the importance of some relational elements between companies that structure construction projects, supporting the impact of discovering specific variables in the different layers of sustainable management. In addition, results show how those responsible for construction projects understand sustainability as a preference, amplify the role of various factors in the work of the cultural and social ecosystems under consideration. Finally, this article details and analyzes the channeling of innovative business models in the fourth sector.

Women’s insertion or consolidation in science has been thoroughly researched. Such discussion could be particularly relevant concerning sustainable development goal five (SDG 5) on Gender Equality advancement. However, the debate is focused on women percentages inserted into scientific labor, leaving the issue of symbolic experience for women in research unaddressed and with little empirical support. The data come from a survey developed under a FONDECYT project, which studied knowledge production in Chile. Researchers obtained contacts through invitations on social networks such as Twitter, Facebook, and LinkedIn and databases containing scientists’ emails working in Chile. The non-probabilistic sample collected 583 cases, with participants residing in 15 of the 16 country regions. As a result, this document presents the findings of a study on symbolic experience using an instrument to determine whether there are any homophily patterns. It aims to determine if scientists tend to cite others as referents only when they encounter a situation like their own. The findings reveal a clear way scientists estimate the effect of others in terms of their gender homophily. This intervening factor could be crucial in reproducing the disparities and asymmetries that characterize Chile’s scientific field.

This study seeks to understand the financing strategy used by companies listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange (BVM), the São Paulo Stock Exchange (VVSP), and the Santiago Stock Exchange (BCS). To this end, the data observed in the Economática database for a sample of 29 companies were considered. Then, through a long panel data model, the study concludes that in the organizations reviewed, there is a degree of association between the variables “short-term liabilities” and “share price”, as the former increases by 1%, and the value of the shares increases by 0.09% in the subsequent period. This confirms a procyclical financial leverage.

In the current study, the authors looked at how companies’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives affect their reputation in the community using the stakeholder theory. More specifically, it is claimed that CSR initiatives with a particular focus on employees help firms create employee trust, which is an essential component of organizational long-term sustainable performance. Administrative fairness as a boundary condition bolsters the relationship between corporate reputation and trust. A non-probability convenience sampling technique was used to poll Chinese restaurant managers and non-managers on a 5-point Likert scale. Structural equation modeling was used to conduct structural analyses. CSR is a significant predictor of business reputation in the Chinese restaurant industry. It has also been discovered that trust in the organization is a partial mediator between the two. Furthermore, the data show that organizational justice moderates trust in the organization and the company’s reputation. This research examines the relationship between internal stakeholders’ perceptions of CSR activities and the company’s reputation, i.e., employees, for the first time. The findings provide vital information for restaurant management to boost their reputation in the market by engaging in E-CSR activities to strengthen their internal stakeholders.

La orientación gerencial de los modos de producción científica en la universidad chilena ha otorgado inédita centralidad al personal administrativo. Este personal es fundamental tanto para la implementación de las políticas públicas en educación superior y ciencia, como para el desarrollo de nuevas estrategias institucionales y procesos de gobernanza universitaria. Desde los estudios sociales del trabajo, este artículo busca comprender la construcción de la identidad laboral de trabajadores y trabajadoras que ocupan puestos de administración científica en las universidades. El análisis discursivo de 40 entrevistas activas permitió reconocer tres repertorios de narrativas identitarias: como identidad subalterna “en la sombra de los investigadores”, como identidad reposicionada en donde los académicos “hagan sus locuras, yo después los maquillo”, y finalmente como una identidad negociada donde “uno está dispuesto a transar una cosa por otra”, donde se produce una búsqueda de consenso identitario integrando valores tradicionales de universidad y empresa privada. Concluimos que la identidad y la legitimación del rol administrativo de actividad científica, son dimensiones centrales en el desempeño de la labor y para el desarrollo de la gobernanza académica.

Research management instruments (RMIs) are organizational mechanisms that shape scientific work and influence the trajectory of scientific fields within universities. This qualitative study examines 80 RMIs implemented by eight research-oriented universities in Chile between 1998 and 2021. The findings reveal that these institutions employ policies prioritizing competition as the primary means of accessing funding and opportunities, contributing to the concentration of resources among established researchers participating in international circuits. Consequently, RMIs establish hierarchies within the research community based on individual merit, disregarding the material conditions that may hinder productivity for certain actors. Furthermore, these instruments discourage participation in national and regional scientific communication networks. By highlighting the impact of RMIs, this research enhances our understanding of the organizational mechanisms that shape scientific work in Chilean universities, offering insights into the challenges and opportunities researchers face in the country’s higher education system. Future studies should explore alternative participation circuits within Chilean universities and compare experiences across Latin American regions to understand how local institutions align with global evaluation criteria.

Technostress is a psychosocial phenomenon associated with the use of technologies to the detriment of health, the same one that during the pandemic was accelerated in the work considering home confinement. This work aims to systematize the main research on the impact of technostress at work during the severe confinement stage of the pandemic, between the years 2020 and 2021, with the purpose of identify and evaluate its main determining factors. A systematic review of the literature was carried out during COVID-19, using the words “technostress work COVID-19.” The works found focus mainly on analyzing the creators and inhibitors of technostress in workers, as well as the main consequences of the materialization of this technological risk associated with work performance during the stage of confinement by COVID-19. Techno invasion and techno overload were identified as the main techno stressors, with the main type of technostress appreciated in the literature being techno fatigue. Technostress is identified as a problem that had direct and relevant effects during the season of severe confinement and remote work at home due to COVID-19; highlighting techno fatigue as the most frequent type of stress, and techno stressors such as techno invasion and overload as the ones that presented the highest incidence.