Upper-crustal architecture and transpressional controls in the formation of the El Abra, Radomiro Tomic, and Chuquicamata porphyry copper systems, northern Chile: Insights from local earthquake tomography

Crustal architecture plays a secondary yet critical role in porphyry copper formation by controlling the transport and focusing of metal-rich hydrothermal fluids. Although upper crustal structures often guide porphyry emplacement, their identification tho